01Section 1: The Legend of Chang Sangjun & The Four Diagnostic Examinations
Bian Que (born Qin Yueren around 401 BCE in Hebei Province) was an exceptionally perceptive hostel manager. For ten years, he served an elder guest named Chang Sangjun with extraordinary kindness and reverence. Impressed by Bian Que’s noble character, Chang Sangjun revealed that he was a master physician and imparted his secret medical books and herbal formulas to him.
Bian Que went on to synthesize East Asian medical diagnostics into **The Four Examinations (Si Zhen)**, which remain the mandatory diagnostic protocol across Chinese medicine today: 1. **Wang (Inspection):** Observing facial complexion, tongue coating, posture, and eye vitality (*Shen*). 2. **Wen (Auscultation & Olfaction):** Listening to breath sounds, voice pitch, and detecting bodily odors. 3. **Wen (Inquiry):** Detailed questioning regarding sleep, appetite, chills, fever, stool, and pain. 4. **Qie (Palpation / Pulse Diagnosis):** Feeling the radial artery pulse at three depths (*Cun, Guan, Chi*) across both wrists to evaluate organ health.
Key Clinical Takeaways
- Mastered medicine under Chang Sangjun after demonstrating ten years of moral virtue.
- Pioneered The Four Examinations (Inspection, Auscultation/Olfaction, Inquiry, Palpation).
- Established pulse reading (Qie) as the ultimate diagnostic window into internal organ health.